TAIMAMA
Allah ﷻYa yi umarni da yin taimama a yi sallah idan aka rasa ruwan wanka ko ruwan alwala, kamar yadda Ya ce:
﴿..فَلَمْ تَجِدُواْ مَاءً فَتَيَمَّمُواْ صَعِيدًا طَيِّباً.. ﴾ ()
Ma’ana: “Sai ba ku sami ruwa ba, to ku yi taimama a ƙasa mai tsarki.”
Manzon Allah ﷺ Ya yi taimama, kuma ya koyar da yadda ake yin taimama kamar yadda ya zo a hadisin Ammar Bn Yasir (رضي الله عنه). ()
Taimama ita ce yin amfani da ƙasa wajen shafawa a fuska da tafin hannu da niyyar samun damar yin sallah da sauran ibadun da ba a yin su sai da tsarki, saboda rashin ruwa ko rashin lafiyar da ba za a iya amfani da ruwan ba saboda ita.
ABUBUWAN 13. DA SUKE JAWO A YI TAIMAMA SU NE
1. Rashin samun ruwa domin wanka ko alwala.
2. Rashin lafiyar da za ta hana amfani da ruwa.
3. Tsoron kamuwa da rashin lafiya idan an yi amfani da ruwa.
4. Rashin samun ruwan da zai isa a yi alwala ko wanka.
5. Idan mutum yana da ruwa amma idan ya yi amfani da shi ya yi wanka ko alwala zai rasa ruwan sha.
6. Idan ruwa ya yi tsada mutum ba shi da kuɗin saya.
7. Idan yana jin tsoron zuwa wajen neman ruwan saboda ɓarayi sun yi kwantan ɓauna a wurin suna jiran wani ya zo wurin su afka masa.
8. Idan ana halin yaƙi ko rashin zaman lafiya kuma aka rasa ruwa.
9. Idan aka sami rijiya babu gugan da za a jawo ruwan.
10. Idan aka ɗauke ruwan fanfo, kuma babu wani ruwa a kusa.
11. Idan wajen samun ruwa ya yi nisa mai tsanani, ga shi babu abin hawa.
12. Idan mutum ya ji rauni kamar ƙuna ko haɗari, likita ya hana shi amfani da ruwa.
13. Idan ana tsoron jinkirin warkewa daga ciwo sakamakon amfani da ruwa.
Duka waɗannan da makamantansu suna jawo a yi taimama, a yi sallah.
Allah ne masani
Zamu ci gaba insha Allah.
LITTAFIN FIQHU DARASI NA SHA TARA
YADDA AKE YIN TAIMAMA DA FARILLAN DA SUNNONIN TA DA ABINDA YAKE WARWARE TA
Idan za a yi taimama sai a sami wuri mai tsafta, kamar ƙasa ko yashi ko birji ko dutse da dukkan dangogin ƙasa.
Sai a yi basmala (Bisimillah) a buga hannu a wurin, sannan a karkaɗe idan wani abu ya maƙale, sai a shafa a fuska, kamar yadda mutum yake wanke fuska a lokacin da yake yin alwala, faɗinta daga kunne zuwa ɗaya kunnen, tsawonta daga goshi zuwa haɓa. Sai ya ƙara buga hannunsa a ƙasa, ya shafi tafin hannunsa zuwa maɗaurar agogo gaba da baya ciki da waje, ya cuɗa tsakanin yatsunsa. Wannan shi ne yadda Annabi ﷺ ya siffantawa Ammar Bn Yasir yadda zai yi taimama. ()
Amma sake buga hannu (karo na biyu) a ƙasa kafin a yi shafar hannu, shi ma ya zo a riwayar hadisin Ammar Bn Yasir (رضي الله عنه). ()
Sai dai wasu malamai suna ganin a wajen shafar hannu sai an kawo har gwiwar hannu kamar yadda ake yi a wajen alwala. An ruwaito daga Abdullah Ɗan Umar (رضي الله عنه) yana yin haka. () Amma ruwayar Ammar ta fi ƙarfi, tun da Annabi ﷺ ne ya koya masa da kansa. 1. Idan mutum ya yi taimama kafin ya yi sallah sai ya sami ruwa, taimama ta ɓaci, wajibi ya yi alwala ko wanka kafin ya yi sallah.
2. Idan mai janaba ya yi taimama ya yi sallah, daga baya sai ya sami ruwa, sai ya yi wanka ba tare da ya sake sallar da ya yi ba.
3. Idan mutum ya yi taimama yana cikin sallah, sai ruwa ya samu, sai ya yanke sallar ya yi amfani da ruwan.
4. Idan mutum ya yi taimama yana cikin sallah sai ya tuna ashe yana da ruwa a kusa, sai ya yanke sallar, ya yi amfani da ruwan.
5. Ana yin taimama ne bayan an rasa ruwa, kuma ba a cewa an rasa ruwa sai an nema. 6.Idan mutum yana jin zai iya samun ruwa kafin lokacin sallah ya fita, sai ya jinkirta zuwa ƙarshen lokaci, amma kada ya bari lokaci ya fita bai yi sallah ba.
7. Idan mutum ya farka daga bacci sai ya ga ya yi mafarki, ga shi ana tsananin sanyi kuma yana tsoron idan ya yi amfani da ruwa zai sami rashin lafiya, sai ya yi taimama ya yi sallah kafin lokaci ya fita, daga baya sai ya yi wankan. 8. Ba a yin taimama domin a sami jam'in sallah kawai.
9. Ana yin taimama idan ana tsoron lokaci zai fita ko babu ruwa ko rashin lafiya ko tsoron samun larura idan an yi amfani da ruwan.
FARILLAN TAIMAMA
Farillan taimama su ne.
1. Yin niyya a lokacin da za a yi taimama. A yi niyya a cikin zuciya, ba a faɗar niyya da baki, domin niyya aikin zuciya ne.
2. Ana yin taimama da ƙasa ko dangoginta, ko dukkan abin da asalinsa daga ƙasa yake, idan ba a sauya masa kama ba ta hanyar ƙonawa ko wani abu mai kama da hakan.
3. Shafar fuska, faɗinta da tsawonta kamar yadda ake yi a alwala.
4. Shafar tafin hannu zuwa maɗaurar agogo ciki da baya da tsakanin yatsu.
5. Jerantawa. A fara da fuska sannan a yi hannu. Idan mutum ya fara da shafar hannu kafin fuska, sai ya sake shafar hannun bayan ya shafi fuska, domin ya zama an yi su a jere kamar yadda Annabi ﷺ Ya koyar.
6. Wajibi ne a yi taimama a gama a lokaci guda, kada a rarraba ta. Misali, mutum ya shafi fuska sai bayan tsawon lokaci sai kuma ya shafi hannu, ko ya tashi ya tafi wani waje, sai ya shafi hannun a can.
SUNNONIN TAIMAMA
Farawa da basmala (bisimillah)
Karkaɗe hannu bayan an buga shi a ƙasa, idan an ga wani abu ya maƙale a jikin hannun .
ABUBUWAN DA SUKE ƁATA TAIMAMA
1. Taimama tana ɓaci idan an sami ruwa kafin a yi sallah da taimamar.
2. Taimama tana ɓaci idan mara lafiya ya yi ta kafin ya yi amfani da ita sai ya warke, yadda zai iya amfani da ruwa babu matsala.
3. Taimama tana ɓaci idan mutum ya yi ta sai ya tuno kafin ya fara sallah ko yana cikin sallah cewa yana da ruwa.
4. Taimama tana ɓaci idan mutum ya yi fitsari, kashi, fitar maziyyi, wadiyyi, bacci mai nauyi ko shafar mace da sha'awa, da dukkan abubuwan da suke warware alwala.
5. Idan mutum ya yi taimama ya yi sallah, bayan ya gama sallah sai ya sami ruwa, ba zai sake wannan sallar ba sai dai ya yi alwala domin sallar da za ta zo a gaba.
6. Ba a yin taimama domin yin sallar Juma'a sai idan babu ruwa, amma idan akwai ruwa wajibi ne a yi alwala ko za a rasa Juma'a sai a yi Azahar.
7. Idan ruwa ya yi tsada kuma babu kuɗin da za a saya, sai a yi taimama.
8. Idan wani yana da ruwa sai ya yi maka rowar ruwan, sai ka yi taimama ka yi sallah.
9. Ba ya halatta mutum ya saci ruwa domin ya yi wanka ko alwala.
10. Ba ya halatta mutum ya ƙwaci ruwa domin ya yi wanka ko alwala, amma yana iya aron ruwa ya yi alwala ko wanka, daga baya sai ya biya.
11. Idan ya sami ruwan da alwala kawai zai iya, kuma ga shi wanka zai yi, wasu malamai sun ce ya yi alwala da ruwan sai ya yi taimama a kan alwalar ya haɗa taimama da alwala. Wasu malamai suka ce ya yi taimama kawai, idan akwai ƙazanta a jikinsa sai ya wanke ta da ruwan.
Shin ana iya yin sallah biyu da taimama ɗaya? An fi so duk sanda za a yi sallah a fara neman ruwa tukunna. Idan ba a samu ba, sai a yi taimama. Don haka wasu malamai suka yi fatawa da cewa ba a yin sallah biyu da taimama ɗaya, kuma suka ce idan lokacin sallah ya fita, taimama ta ɓaci idan za a yi sallah ta gaba sai an sake taimama. (Al-Mulakkas Al-Fiqhi, Al-Fiqhul Al-Muyassar na Shaikh Yusuf Abu Aziz da manyan littattafan Malikiyyah da Fiq’hus Sunnah da Sahihu-Fiqhis Sunnah da sharhohin Muktasarul-Khalil da sharhohin ayoyi da hadisan taimama a cikin Bukhari da Muslim da Sunani Abi Dawud). Allah ne Masani.
Zamu ci gaba insha Allah.
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